Trailer-dumping mechanism



L. M. SPENCER. TRAILER DUMPING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25.1911. RENEWED MAY 18.1922.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

* SHEETS-SHEET l.

g2 Q Snow wow L. M. SPENCER.

TRAILER DUMPING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1917. RENEWED MAY18. I922.

11A24A86, Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

4 sHEETs-sHEET 2.

L. M. SPENCER.

TRAILER DUMPING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEZfi, I9I7- RENEWED MAY 13, I922.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IQ Q ,L. M. SPENCER. TRAILER DUMPING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE25, 1917. RENEWED MAY 18, 1922.

Patented Aug. 1, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

LOUIS M. SPENCER, OF HIGHLAND PARK, llKIGIE-ll:IGAN.

TBAILER-DUMPING MECHANISTE.

i,4i24t,4t26.

Application filed June 25, 1917, Serial No. 176,64

1 '0 all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, LoUIs M. SPENCER, a citizen of the United States,and residing at Highland Park, in the county of Wayne and State ofMichigan, have invented a new and Improved Trailer-Dumping Mechanism, ofwhich the following is a specification.

It is customary to provide motor trucks with tiltable bodies and also toequip them with a hydraulic (oil) hoist and a gear pump actuated by thepropelling engine whereby the body may be tilted for dumping purposes.Again, it has been proposed to mount the front end of a two-wheeledrunning gear on the rear end of a tractor, said running gear having atiltable body and the tractor having a drum around which passes a cablefor tilting the body. This construction is objectionable in that toothedreversing gearing is required, which is noisy and subject to wear, andalso because it necessitates the use of friction brakes, which bothrequire constant attention during the lowering operation and whichrender the control of the heavy body uncertain. The construction alsofails to provide any automatic stop means; in other words, unless thedriver manipulates the control mechanism the drum would continue to takein cable until breakage resulted. In still another construction, ahydraulic hoist has been mounted on a two-Wheeled running gear, thefront end of which is carried by a tractor, but the mechanism wherebythe hoist is actuated from the engine of the tractor is necessarilycomplicated and not subject to convenient control. In each of theseinstances the-load which can be carried, or the dischargeable load, isthat which may be re ceived in the single tilting body.

It has also been the practice in railway trains to tilt any one of aseries of cars by means of mechanism located on a separate leading car,said mechanism being itself actuated by a locomotive. This constructionis unsuitable for street use for various rea sons, among which may bementioned the fact that it could not pass around sharp corners; it alsorequires at least three vehicles to carry one dischargeable load and ispro hibitive for that cause alone.

The present invention aims to greatly increase the dischargeable loadcapacity of a street or roadway train (which is particularly valuable onhauls of considerable dis- Specification of Letters IPatent.

Patented Aug. 11, 1922.

8. Renewed 'May 18, 1922. Serial No. 562,038.

tance), and it consists in a truck having a propelling engine, areduction mechanism and a tilting body together with a trailer having atiltable body, and means whereby the reduction mechanism may be utilizedto dump either body at will, and whereby the tilting of either body isautomatically stopped at a point such that breakage of the operativeparts is avoided. In the embodi' ment shown a hydraulic (oil) hoistconstitutes the reduction mechanism, but other devices of a widelydifferent nature, such for example, as a hoisting drum or a screw hoistand proper connections, might serve the same general purpose, althoughthe hydraulic hoist is much to be preferred. The invention also consistsin a truck having a tiltable body together with a trailer having atiltable body, and means for utilizing the engine of the truck fortilting either body at will, said means including a draw-bar connectionfrom the rear end of the frame of the truck to the .front end of theframe of the trailer and cable means extending across from the trailerto the truck, whereby'the springs of the vehicles are relieved of thepull of the cable. The invention also consists in certain improvementsin the trailer, whereby a maximum length of body (tiltable about ahorizontal axis near the rear thereof) consistent with dumping from thepower on the truck is secured; also in certain improvements whereby thehoisting mechanism on the trailer may be manufactured as a unit withsubstantially no change in the trailer further than the provision of afew bolt holes in the frames thereof for allowing the hoisting mechanismto be bolted in place; also in certain improvements in the steeringmechanism of the trailer,

whereby the draw-bar may be made to extend directly between the frames.The invention further consists in the details of construction shown,described and claimed.

44 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side view of the upper end of thehoisting mechanism on the truck. Fig. 6 is a front view of the trailer.Fig. 7 is a fragmentary front view showing one manner of attaching thetrailer body tilting cable to the body. Fig. 8 is a perspective view,parts being broken away, showing the draw-bar and its relation to thesteering bar of the trailer. Fig. 9 is a side view showing amodification. Fig: 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 11is a section of the trailer on the line 1111 of Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is: asection through the upper end of the piston rod shown in Fig. 9.. Fig.13 is a fragmentary plan view corresponding to Fig. 9. Fig. 14 is adiagrammatic section showing the preferred circulatory system in thehydraulic hoist shown in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, together with certainautomatic stop means whereby the trailer maybe automatically limited inits tilting movement regardless of the automatic stop means for thetruck. Fig. 15 is a side view showing a second modification. Fig. 16 isa section on the line 1616 of Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is a section on the line1717 of Fig. 15. Fig. 18 isa vertical longitudinal section through thehoisting trailer-carried mechanism shown in Fig. 15. Figs. 19 and 20 aresections on the lines 19 19 and 2020 of Fig. 15. Fig. 21 is afragmentary side View corresponding to Fig. 15 showing another way ofattachin the trailer dumping cable to the piston r'o Fig. 22 is afragmentary rear elevation corresponding'there-to. The circulatorysystem is omitted in Figs. 1, 9 and 15- for sake of clearness.

1 and 2 indicate the front and rear wheels of a motor truck, 3 the sidebars of the frame, and 4 the hopper body that includes the side bars 5and cross beams 6 and is adapted to be tilted about pivots 7 The truckhas suitable propelling mechanism, for example, an internal combustionengine 8 (a steam engine might be used instead), a transmission 9 and apropeller shaft 10. Mounted on the body just back of the seat is ahydraulic hoisting device which may include the cross bars 12 thecylinder 13 (the base 14 of which rests on the cross bars), the piston15 and piston rod 16, the cross bar 17 and pulley blocks 18; over thelatter pass cables 19 that are secured at one end to the equalizing bar20 and have at'their opposite ends shackles 21 attached to the lowerends of the corresponding body arms 22, the latter being secured to thefront end of the body and depending therefrom on each side of thepropeller shaft. Consequently when oil is pumped from the upper end ofthe cylinder through the suction pipe 25, gear pump 26 and delivery pipe28, the piston is caused to rise and tilt the body. See also Fig. 14.The pump may be driven in different ways,

for instance, by the propeller shaft 10 and suitable clutch mechanism31, operated, preferably, from a point within reach of the driver byconnections not shown. A valve 32 (Fig. 14) when in one position maybypass the liquid back from the pipe 28 to the pipe 25 when the body isto be lowered, and is also preferably operated by connections (notshown) extending close to the drivers seat. It will be noted that whenthe piston rises above the opening 33 into the expansion chamber 34 atthe upper end of the cylinder, the liquid circulates without lifting thepiston rod further,in other words, an automatic stop is thus providedfor'limiting the movement of the piston rod. The mechanism thus fardescribed is well known, except that the shackles 21 are, in thisinstance, of a freel detachable nature.

Connected to t e rear cross bar 40 of the truck by means of a shacklebolt 41 having a bifurcated end 42 and a draw bolt 43 is a draw bar 44that in the embodiment shown has its rear end joined to the front crossbar 46 of a trailer frame, the side bars48 of which project forwardlysomewhat therefrom. The connection may be conveniently made by a dividedbracket 49 and bolt 50.

For the purpose of properly steering the trailer, the bolt 50 is locatedcentrally above the front axle 52 and in line with the steering knucklesthereof from which the steering arms, 53 extend forwardly and arepivotally connected to the ends of the steering .rear edges of the bars56 are normally spaced somewhat from the front edge of the steering barto allow free swinging movement of the draw bar in a vertical plane.Draw bar and steering con'nections widely different in construction fromthatdescribed may be employed; that shown is, however, readilymanufactured from commercial shapes. The bars 56 may be braced by bars59 and 60 or otherwise, if desired.

The trailer is provided with a body which may be of the same generalconstruction as the body 4-5--6) tiltable about pivots 71 near the rearend of the side bars 48 and preferably having spaced body arms 72depending from its front end on each side of the draw bar. By shorteningthe body slightly and placing the body arm back of the cross bar 46, asingle body arm may be used.

Extending across between the front ends of the side bars 48 is a frame 73 preferably carrying a base 74 socketed in its upper side to receivethe lower end of an upstanding guide 75, theupper end of said guidebeing braced from the outer portions of the front side of the frame bytension members 76. It being desirable to supply considerable lubricantto the inner surface of the guide, the joint between it and the base maybe sealed by packing (not shown). The guide is preferably formed of twoU shaped sections riveted together through their flanges as this doesaway with any necessity for countersinking rivets. The front side of theguide is cut away to receive the sheave 7 8 having bearings 79 securedin position by bolts 80. Slidable vertically in the guide is a ratherloosely fitting thrust bar 81, preferably a channel section openingforwardly to allow clearance for the heads of the bolts 80 and to admita cable 82 that passes over the she-ave and is anchored to the lower endof the thrust bar by a cross pin 84. The upper end of the thrust bar hasits web cut away to admit a sheave 88 on the axle 89, and passing overthe last mentioned sheave is a cable 90, the front end of which ispreferably anchored to the bolts 80 by a perforated ti -shaped metalclip 92 (Figs. 1 and 8). The other end of the cable extends down nearlyto the draw bar and is there fastened to the central portion of anequalizing bar93, from the ends of which bolts, rods or cables 94 extendto the lower ends of the body arms 72 (Fig. 7). As shown, these elementsare bolts having divided upper ends receiving the equalizing bar and apin connected thereto and having their lower ends bent and passedthrough holes in the outstanding flanges of the body arms, and retainedby nuts 96. It will be understood that the bolts are swingable both inrespect. to the body arms and equalizing bar. This construction isinexpensive and readily manufactured-other devices widely differentmight be used for the same purpose. In order to retain the cable on thesheave 88 av suitable guard 98 is used.

The cable 82 passes downwardly from the sheave 78 and around a swivelblock or guide 100 hooked into a hole formed in the front side of theframe 73 (or in a lug on the base 74.) midway between its ends. From theblock 100 the cable 82 continues forwardly through a swivel block orguide 101 located near the rear of the truck (preferably hooked into ahole formed near the middle of the rear cross bar 40), thence through aswivel block or guide 102 (preferably hooked centrally into the rearcross bar or bars 12) and finally upwardly to a point near the top ofthe cylinder where it is normally suspended by having its end ring 105carried by a hook 106 (Fig. 5). As shown, the hook is fixed to theexpansion chamber 3%1 by means of a cap screw 108. The cable ispreferably made in two sections shackles 21 or the connection 112between the. equalizing bar 20 and its anchor 113 (preferably theshackles as this allows the piston to be projected a maximum distancefrom the cylinder) are made of a readily detachable nature.

It will be seen that the body may be tilted in the usual manner withoutin any Way affecting the trailer body. Should it be desired to tilt thetrailer body independently of the truck body, it is only necessary todisconnect the cables 19 from the body arms 22 (or to disengage theconnection 112, or in any other way remove these cables temporarily fromthe influence of the piston rod) and to then hook the ring 105 tn thehorn 111. Or, by having both the connections 21 and 112 in place andattaching the cable 82 to the piston rod in the manner stated, bothbodies may be tilted simultaneously. In any event, the pull of the cable82 is directly offset by the draw bar and the springs of both vehiclesare relieved of all unusual shocks.

The parts on the trailer are preferably so proportioned in respect tothe movement of the piston rod and piston that the latter uncovers theport 33 before the pin 84 rises to the level of the middle of the sheave78, consequently it is impossible to break the parts through inattentionon the part of the driver. This automatic stop or cutout mechanism insome form is of the greatest practical value.

The truck body may in some cases be omitted or be fixed to the-frame 3;the

resulting combination still possesses important advantages over presentpractice in that the control of the various steps in the tilting of thetrailer is both certain and safe and in that wear and noise is avoided.

Modification, Figs. 9 to 14:-In this instance the trailer tilting cable120 is passed over a sheave 121, mounted in a support 122 that fits overthe upper end of the piston rod 16, and is anchored to the front crossbar 12 by means of a hook-and-eye connection 124. The cable 120 alsopasses through a block 102 hooked into the rear cross bar 12 as before,and through a guide 123, of any suitable construction, secured to thefront end of the draw bar 44. From the latter it leads rearwardlybeneath the draw bar and under a guide 125 supported on the cross bar16, then over a sheave 128 carried by an intermediate cross bar 129,then down around a sheave 130 on the lower end of a thrust frame ormember (preferably formed of two structural shapes 131 joined at theirlower ends and diverging to points adjacent the side bars and theremounted to swing on a cross rod 133 carried by brackets 133 rigid withthe side bars 135 of the body 70) and is finally anchored to a cross bar134. A coupling 109 is used as before.

Assuming that the thrust frame is about midway in the length of thetrailer body, it

' convenient location,

will be seen that the hoisting mechanism on the truck is givensubstantially the same leverage on the center of gravity of the trailerload as it has on the truck load, in other words, the 'center of gravityof each load rises practically as fast as the piston rod. The modifiedconstruction, while probably more expensive than that previouslydescribed, has an advantage in that it allows the use of a longertrailer .body. As the frame 131 is of less length than the cylinder, thelatter should be connected'to the suction pipe 25 at a proper elevation(below the opening 33) by a pipe 136 and valve 138 (Fig. 14) and thevalve should be opened to insure the proper automatic stop action forthe dumping of the trailer. A

In order to prevent the frame 131 from striking obstructions, it ispreferably provided at its lower end with a strap 140 that may bereceived in a hook 141 on the cross rod 142 when the frame is swung upinto the dashed line position indicated in Fig. 9.

Modifications, Figs. 15 to 22 :-Instead of using a cross bar and twosheaves, one suspended on each side ofthe piston rod for the purpose ofelevating the body, the cheaper construction illustrated in the abovefigures may be employed. The piston rod (which as before is preferablyhollow) is divided at its upper end to receive an axle 150 upon whichthe sheave 151 is mounted. The cable 152 (that may be in practice eithera single strand as shown or a double strand, in which latter case thesheave would be double grooved) is anchored to the mid portion of thefront cross bar or to the cylinder base, and passes over the sheave 151from which it depends to a point a short distance above the side bars.It is there detachably connected, say by means of a hook 153, to aclevis 154 upon which the e ualizing bar 155 is pivotally suspended.embers 156 that may be similar to the bolts 94 join the ends of the barto the lower ends of the corresponding body arms 158. Cables may be usedinstead.

In this instance the trailer may be provided with an upstanding guide160, similar to the guide 75. A cable 161 equipped with a ring 162 atits front end normally hung over a hook 163 on the cylinder base orother extends rearwardly through a block 102 hooked to the bar 12 asbefore to a swivel block l64that corresponds to the block 100, (a blockcorresponding to the block 101 may also be used ifdesired) then upwardlyover a sheave 165, then downwardly about a sheave 166 rotatably mountedon an axle 167 that extends across between the flanges 168 of the thrustbar 169 and is finally anchored at 170 to the upper end of the guideopposite the sheave 165. The thrust bar is preferably H-shaped in crosssection and has a portion of its web removed to provide clearance forthe sheave 166; a portion of the web is also removed at the top toreceive the sheave 172 (rotatable on the axle 173) over which passes acable Therefore the stress in the cable or cables 161 is reduced "(otherthings being equal) to one half the value of that in the cables 82; thiscorrespondingly relieves the shearing stress in the connections betweenthe crossbars 12 and 73 and the side bars of the vehicle, and in thedraw bar or thrust connection 44 and permits the use of smaller and morereadily bendable cables. In this construction the piston 16 stillexercises the same leverage on the body 70 as on the body "'4 (except asmodified by friction).

Instead of connecting the cable 161 to the hook 153 (which is thendetached from the clevis 154) in tilting the trailer body, it may leadup to the top of the cylinder and be connected to a U-shaped bar 180(the ends of which are perforated to receive the ends of the axle 150)by means of a hook 181, as indicated in Figs. 21 and 22. Suitable cableguards are preferably used.

In the modification, F ig. 15 the thrust bar 169, as in the case of thebar 81, Fig. 1, is thus caused to move at the same speed as the pistonrod and the latter therefore works with substantially the same leverageon both truck body .and trailer body. To prevent breakage, the parts areso proportioned that the piston passes the port 33 before the sheave 166reachesthe sheave 165. Should it be desired to tilt both bodies at thesame time, both pulling connections are made, as is obvious. In themodifications shown in Figs. 15 to 20, the U-portion of the clevis 154may be duplicated on the under side of the bar 155, as shown at 183(Fig. 17) and the ring 162 or the hook 181 attached t ereto.

lll

Vfhile but one cable between the trucks is shown in the severalembodiments, it is apparent that in the heavier vehicles at least it maybe advisable to use two cables side by side (which in effect constitutea single run of cable) together with double-grooved pulleys or sheaves,thereby avoiding any difficulty which might arise from failure of asingle strand to bend properly about the said guiding members, and theword cable as used herein indicates either one or the other, or anyequivalent flexible element, for example, a chain. It is evident that,although but one trailer is shown, others may be added and tilted byduplicating the cables 82, 120 or 161, as the case may be, andassociated mechanism.

The details of construction may obviously be changed considerablywithout departing from the spirit of my invention. 1 do not, therefore,wish to be limited except as indicated by the subjoined claims.

I claim 1. A roadway train comprising a truck having a tiltable body anda propelling engine, a trailer having a tiltable body, and means wherebythe propelling engine may be utilized to tilt either body at will, saidlast named means including means whereby the tilting of the body of thetrailer is automatically limited. 1

2. A roadway train comprising a truck having a tiltable body and apropelling engins, a trailer having a tiltable body, and means carriedentirely by the vehicles whereby the propelling engine may be utilizedto simultaneously tilt both bodies, said last named means includingmeans for automatically limiting the tilting of the body of the trailer,whereby breakage is avoided.

3. A two-vehicle roadway train comprising a steerable pulling vehiclehaving a propelling engine and a spring supported frame, a four-wheeledtrailer having a spring supported frame and a tiltable body thereon, apull-and-thrust connection extending across from the rear end of thefirst mentioned frame to the forward portion of the trailer frame, saidconnection being so constructed and arranged that the pulling vehiclemay swing sharply in respect to the trailer, means for utilizing saidengine to tilt the trailer body, said means including cable haulingmeans on the pulling vehicle driven by the engine thereof, and a cableextending from said cable hauling means across between the frames of thevehicles through which force for tilting the body is transmitted, theconstruction and arrangement of the parts being such that the springsare relieved from thrusts incident to the tilting operation.

4. A two-vehicle roadway train comprising a steerable pulling vehicleincluding a propelling engine, a trailer attached to said pullingvehicle by a draw bar connection, said connection being so constructedand arranged as to allow the vehicles to turn about sharp corners, saidtrailer having a spring supported frame and a tiltable body on saidframe, said draw bar connection extending across from the front end ofthe trailer frame to the pulling vehicle, and means carried entirely bythe two vehicles for utilizing the propelling engine to tilt the trailerbody at will, the construction and arrangement of the parts being suchthat the springs of the trailer are relieved of stress incident to thetilting operation.

5. A highway train comprising a truck having a spring supported frameand a propelling engine, a body mounted on the frame to tilt, a trailerhaving a spring supported frame and a body mounted thereon to tilt, apull-and-thrust connection extending across from the rear end of thetruck frame means for utilizing the engine to tilt either body at will,said means including a flexible member extending across between the twoframes, the construction and arrangement of the parts being such thatthe springs are relieved from thrusts in the tilting operation.

6. A roadway train comprising a truck having a propelling engine, atrailer having a tiltable body, a slidable member on the truck, meansfor utilizing the engine to actuate said slidable member, means forutilizing the slidable member totilt the trailer body, said last namedmeans including a single run of cable anchored to the slidable memberand passing across between the bodies through which all stress fortilting the body is exerted.

7. A roadway train comprising a truck having a propelling engine and abody tiltable thereon about a horizontal axis near the rear end thereof,an upright hoisting device forward of the front end of the body, saidhoisting device including a projectable member, a trailer having atiltable body, means for utilizing said projectable member for tiltingeither of the bodies at will, said last named means including a singlerun of cable detachably anchored to the upper end portion of theprojectable member and passing across between the bodies through whichall stress for tilting the trailer body is transmittedl 8. A roadwaytrain comprising a truck having side bars and a propelling engine, anupright hoisting mechanism mounted on the side bars, said mechanismincluding a projectable member, a trailer connected to the rear end ofthe truck by a draw barconnection, a tiltable body on the trailer, meansfor utilizing the projectable member for Ell to the front end of thetrailer frame, and

tilting the body, said means comprising a cable guide secured to thehoisting mechanism near the base thereof and a cable cooperative withthe projectable member and passing about said cable guide.

9."A roadway train comprising a truck having a frame and a propellingengine, said frame including a rear cross bar, hoisting mechanismmounted on the frame, said mechanism including a rojectable member, atrailer connected tot e rear end of the truck by a draw bar-connection,a tiltable body on the trailer, means for utilizing the projectablemember for tiltingthe body, said means comprising a cable guide securedto v the rear cross bar and a cable co-operative with the projectablemember and passing about said cable guide.

10. Load carrying means comprising a steerable vehicle having an'uprightguide and a slidable member movable up and down in said guide, a cabledetachably fixed to the slidable member and itself being positionedsubstantially in the central longitudinal plane of the vehicle, awheeled frame drawn by said vehicle, a tiltable body on said frame, andmeans whereby said cable is connected to said body to tilt the latter.

11. A roadway train comprising a pulling vehicle having an uprightcylinder, a piston rod slidable therein, a trailer comprising a tiltablebody, a rigid member surmounting the upper end portion of the pistonrod, a cable for tilting the trailerbody, said cable being detachablyfixed to the) rigid member substantially in the centrallongitudinal-plane of the vehicle.

12. A roadway train comprising a steerable vehicle having an uprightguide and a thrust bar slidable in said guide, a cable detachably fixedto-the upper end of said thrust bar and leading downwardly there fromsubstantially in the central longitudinal plane of the vehicle, awheeled frame drawn by said vehicle, a vehicle body tiltable on saidframe about a transverse axis near its rear end, and means associatedwith the cable whereby the forvmrd end of the body is elevated atsubstantially twice the speed the thrust bar slides in the guide.

13. A roadway train comprising a steera'ble vehicle having a propellingengine, a trailer having a frame and a body tiltable. thereon, cablehauling means on the truck driven by the engine thereof, a cable hauledby said means, and means interposed between the trailer frame and bodyactuated by said cable for tilting said body, said cable hauling meansincluding means whereby the tilting of said body is auto-- maticallylimited.

14. A vehicle comprising side bars and a body tiltable about a"horizontal axis near its rear end, a cross-bar construction rigid withthe side bars, a base resting .on the cross-bar construction and rigidtherewith, an upright guide mounted on said base and rigid therewith, athrust bar slidable up and down in said guide, means associated with theupper end of the thrust bar for tilting the body when said thrust bar iselevated, a sheave mounted on the upper end of the guide, said base andsaid cross-bar construction forming a guide support, a rotatable memberon the guide support, and a cable passing about said rotatable memberand said sheave and anchored to the lower end of the thrust bar forlifting said thrust bar.

15. A vehicle comprising side bars and a body tiltable about ahorizontal axis near its rear end, an upstanding guide forward of thebody, a thrust member slidable therein, a pair of spaced body armssecured to the front end of the vehicle, a cable passing centrally oversaid thrust member, the forward end of the cable being anchored, the

rearward end of the cable depending to a 'point near the body arms, andmeans for distributing the pull from said cable substantially equally tothe body arms.

16. A two vehicle roadway train compris ing a steerable tractor having apropelling engine, a four-wheeled trailer having a spring supportedframe and a tiltable body thereon, a pulling connection extendingdirectly from the tractor to the forward portion of the trailer frame,and means for utilizing said engine for tilting the body while thetrailer is connected to the frame, whereby the trailer springs arerelieved of thrust otherwise incident to the tilting operation.

17. Load carrying means comprising a steerable vehicle having apropelling engine, a. wheeled frame swingable in respect thereto, a bodytiltable on said frame to dump, means interposed between said wheeledframe and said body for tilting the latter, and means carried on saidvehicle for actuating said interposed means and. for automaticallylimiting the tilting of said body.

18. In combination,afirst pulling Wheeled frame having a propellingengine, a second wheeled frame drawn by said first frame and having atiltable body, means on the second frame operated by said engine forexerting a lifting force between said second frame and said body to tiltthe latter, and means on the first frame for automatically limiting thetilting of the body.

19. Load-carrying mechanism including a frame, a body tiltable thereon,a first reciprocable member, a second reciprocable member, a cableconnection through which force is transmitted from said first member tosaid second member, a cable connection. through which said secondreciprocable member operates to tilt the body, and automatic stop meansoperative on the first refirst frame operated by said cable andexciprocable member to limit the tilting of erting a lifting forcebetween said first 10 said body. frame and said body to tilt the body,said 20. Load carrying mechanism including cable hauling means includingan automatic :a first Wheeled frame, a body tiltable therestop devicefor limiting the tilting of said 'on, a second Wheeled frame, cablehauling body.

mechanism on the second frame, a cable hauled by said mechanism, meanson said LQUIS M. SPENCER.

